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About Gypsum plastering

Gypsum Plastering       Gypsum plastering is a modern day solution to time consuming and ecologically straining process of Sand Cement plaster. Further it saves on POP punning cost which is generally applied on Sand Cement plaster. Gypsum plasters have been used for centuries in the construction space, owing to its excellent and unique properties. It provides excellent thermal and acoustic properties while providing undulation free line and leveled walls with superior finish. Benefits of Gypsum Plastering Over Sand Cement Plaster Faster Construction Sand Cement plaster requires 28 days of water curing and then the surface is smoothened with POP punning which again requires time. With Gypsum plaster you finish your walls and the surface is paint ready within 3 days (days required for complete drying) Reduced dependency on River Sand Gypsum plaster comes in ready to use bags. Just add water and you are good to go. River sand mining is environmentally harmful and thus ban
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Elements of a building

Elements of a Building The following are the basic elements of a building: 1. Foundation 2. Plinth 3. Walls and columns 4. Sills, lintels and chejjas 5. Doors and windows 6. Floors 7. Roofs 8. Steps, stairs and lifts 9. Finishing work 10. Building services. The functions of these elements and the main requirement of them is presented in this article. 1. Foundation:  Foundation is the most important part of the building. Building activity starts with digging the ground for foundation and then building it. It is the lower most part of the building. It transfers the load of the building to the ground. Its main functions and requirements are: (a) Distribute the load from the structure to soil evenly and safely. (b) To anchor the building to the ground so that under lateral loads building will not move. (c) It prevents the building from overturning due to lateral forces. (d) It gives level surface for the construction of super structure. 2. Plinth:  The portion of the w
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Levelling and its type

Levelling (or Leveling) is a branch of surveying, the object of which is:  i) to find the elevations of given points with respect to a given or assumed datum, and ii) to establish points at a given or assumed datum. The first operation is required to enable the works to be designed while the second operation is required in the setting out of all kinds of engineering works. Levelling deals with measurements in a vertical plane. Level surface: A level surface is defined as a curved surface which at each point is perpendicular to the direction of gravity at the point. The surface of a still water is a truly level surface. Any surface parallel to the mean spheroidal surface of the earth is, therefore, a level surface. Level line: A level line is a line lying in a level surface. It is, therefore, normal to the plumb line at all points. Horizontal plane: Horizontal plane through a point is a plane tangential to the level surface at that point. It is, therefore, perpendicular to the p
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Define survey and types

DEFINE :  Surveying has to do with the determination of the relative spatial location of points on or near  the surface of the earth. • It is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring angles between lines, of determining the direction of lines, and of establishing points by predetermined angular and linear measurements. • Along with the actual survey measurements are the mathematical calculations. • Distances, angles, directions, locations, elevations, areas, and volumes are thus determined from the data of the survey. • Survey data is portrayed graphically by the construction of maps, profiles, cross sections, and diagrams. Types of surveying: Geodetic Surveying: The type of surveying that takes into account the true shape of the earth. These surveys are of high precision and extend over large areas. Plane Surveying:  The type of surveying in which the mean surface of the earth is considered as a plane, or in which its sp
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Test on cement

Tests on Cement at Construction Site To Check Quality of Cement Quality tests on cements at construction site (also called field tests on cement) are carried to know the quality of cement supplied at site. It gives some idea about cement quality based on colour, touch and feel and other tests. Tests on Cement at Construction site The following are the quality tests on cement at construction site: Color test Presence of lumps Adulteration test Temperature test Float tests Strength test Setting test Date of packing Color Test of Cement The color of the cement should be uniform. It should be grey colour with a light greenish shade. Presence of Lumps The cement should be free from any hard lumps. Such lumps are formed by the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere. Any bag of cement containing such lumps should be rejected. <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> var aax_size='300x600'; var aax_pub
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About Cement , types and uses

A cement is a binder, a substance used in construction that sets, hardens and adheres to other materials, binding them together. Cement is seldom used solely, but is used to bind sand and gravel (aggregate) together. Cement is used with fine aggregate to produce mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel aggregates to produce concrete The following are the types of cement that are in practice: Rapid Hardening Cement Quick setting cement Low Heat Cement Sulphates resisting cement Blast Furnace Slag Cement High Alumina Cement White Cement Coloured cement Pozzolanic Cement Air Entraining Cement Hydrographic cement Types of Cement and uses Rapid Hardening Cement Composition :  Increased Lime content   Purpose :  Attains high strength in early days it is used in concrete where formworks are removed at an early stage. Quick setting cement   Composition:  Small percentage of aluminum sulphate as an accelerator and reducing percentage of Gypsum with fine grin
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Basics to know Concrete grades,clear cover reinforcement, weight of rod

CONCRETE GRADES: M5 = 1:4:8 M10= 1:3:6 M15= 1:2:4 M20=  1:1.5:3 M25= 1:1:2 CLEAR COVER TO MAIN REINFORCEMENT: 1.FOOTINGS : 50 mm 2.RAFT  FOUNDATION.TOP : 50 mm 3.RAFT FOUNDATION.BOTTOM/SIDES : 75 mm 4.STRAP BEAM  : 50 mm 5.GRADE SLAB : 20 mm 6.COLUMN : 40 mm 7.SHEAR WALL : 25  mm 8.BEAMS : 25 mm 9.SLABS : 15 mm 10.FLAT SLAB : 20 mm 11.STAIRCASE  : 15 mm 12.RET. WALL : 20/ 25 mm on earth 13.WATER RETAINING STRUCTURES :  20/30 mm WEIGHT OF ROD PER METER LENGTH: DIA WEIGHT PER METER = D*D/162 6mm = 0.222Kg 8mm = 0.395 Kg 10mm = 0.616 Kg 12mm = 0.888  Kg 16mm = 1.578 Kg 20mm = 2.466 Kg 25mm = 3.853 Kg 32mm = 6.313  Kg 40mm = 9.865 Kg
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